对SiO2气凝胶性能及制备工艺进行了简单介绍,论述了近年来国内外SiO2气凝胶绝热复合材料的研究现状,包括以不定型纤维材料增强的气凝胶基绝热复合材料和以纺织成型纤维材料为基体的气凝胶绝热复合材料的制备工艺及其研究现状。并对两种绝热材料及其制备工艺的特点进行了分析,纺织基气凝胶绝热复合材料因其具有优异的综合绝热性能,较低的成本而在普通工业和民用领域拥有广阔的发展前景。
The performance and preparation of silica aerogel were introduced briefly,research status of silica aerogel composites with thermal insulation both at home and abroad in recent years was summarized,including the preparation and its research status of aerogel-based composites with thermal insulation reinforced with non-structural fibers and textile-based aerogel composites with thermal insulation.And the characteristics of two kinds of thermal insulation composites and their preparation technologies were analyzed.The conclusion was that textile-based aerogel composites with thermal insulation had a promising development prospect in common industries and civilian domain because of its excellent comprehensive adiabatic performance and lower cost.