中文摘要：

综述了国内外航天热防护用冷却技术的分类、发汗冷却材料研究现状以及发汗冷却技术理论模型的研究进展。比较分析了发汗冷却技术与其他冷却技术的优缺点，并对发汗冷却技术的理论模型作了初步的探讨。

英文摘要：

Present research on cooling methods, the status of transpiration cooling and theoretical models of transpiration cooling technology in thermal protection system is reviewed. The merits and disadvantages of transpiration cooling technology are analyzed compared with other cooling methods, and theoretical models are also discussed fundamentally in this paper.