由于景观美学评价的主观特性,虽经五十多年的探索,各国学者仍未能就景观美学评价的理论达成共识。基于体验模式的评价技术更由于其凸显的主观元素而被多数研究者排除在科学评价体系之外。文章综合应用生态学、心理学、美学、地理信息系统(CIS)等学科的知识,理论研究和实证分析相结合,探究了该评价技术的科学合理性。研究以武汉后官湖地区为个案,采用网格布点法,借助地理信息系统(CIS)技术的支持,运用基于体验模式的评价技术,完成对研究区的景观美学评价。结果显示,研究区内景观美学评分等级的分布与其景观元素类别的分布表现出较好的一致性,这在一定程度上验证了该评价技术的科学合理性。另外,结论分析了该技术环节上存在的主要问题及方法上的优劣。
Due to subjective characteristics of landscape aesthetic assessment, various theoretical approaches are not in agreement, even after more than 5 decades of exploration. Experiential paradigm assessment technology, which is considered subjective and not scientific, has been excluded by many experts and researchers. Theories of ecology, psychology, aesthetics, GIS combined with practice were used, aiming to explore its scientific and rational basis. Taking Houguan Lake area in Wuhan as a case study, experiential paradigm assessment technology was used with grid layout method of sampling sites and geographic information system technology, to conduct landscape aesthetic assessment. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between subjective assessment and the objective landscape composition mode, to certain extent, which would partially verify the scientific and rational basis of the experiential paradigm assessment technology. Key technical matters as well as strengths and weakness of the assessment technology were also discussed.