中文摘要：

针对火星探测任务进入阶段复杂且特殊的气动力/热环境,总结了国际火星探测进入任务的历史沿革、发展动向和关键气动问题,综述了火星进入器地面风洞试验、飞行任务和高超声速气动力/热数值模拟的研究进展,提出了国内后续研究的重点方向,包括复杂气动问题建模和精细化模拟、风洞及相关试验研究、气动设计相关问题等,为我国未来火星进入器设计提供技术支持。

英文摘要：

The history and new trend of Mars exploration missions and the essential characteristics of aerodynamics and aerothermodynamics for Mars entries are summarized in the present article.The state-of-the-art research of ground experiments,flight testing and numerical techniques for hypersonic Martian aerodynamics/aerothermodynamics prediction are reviewed in detail.The potential work,including the complicated aerodynamics/aerothermodynamics modeling and simulation,further wind tunnel experiments,and aerodynamic design issues is conclusively proposed for future Mars entry capsule design.