中文摘要：

糖尿病是多基因遗传病，受基因和环境的共同影响，环境可能通过表观遗传学途径增加糖尿病易患性，而来自父系和母系的相同印迹基因在子代所起的作用却不尽相同。宫内不良环境可视为环境的一个组成部分，所以宫内发育迟缓可造成胎儿发生表观遗传学改变，即所谓的印迹基因。该文试图对目前研究热门的糖尿病或胰岛素抵抗相关印迹基因的前沿研究结果进行介绍，如葡萄糖运载体4、胰岛素样生长因子-2／H19、过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体γ共激活因子1α等，以探寻在表观遗传学水平逆转糖尿病或胰岛素抵抗发生的相关治疗靶点。

英文摘要：

Diabetes mellitus is poly-genetic inherited disease, which is influenced by both genes and environment. The environment may increase the susceptibility of diabetes mellitus via epigenetic way. While those from the same paternal and maternal imprinted genes in the role of offspring are not identical. Adverse intrauterine environment can be regarded as an integral part of the environment, therefore, intrauterine growth retardation may cause fetal epigenetic changes, which are also called imprinted genes. This paper will introduce the latest researches of the diabetes mellitus or insulin resistance-related imprinted genes, for example,GLUT4,IGF-2/H19, PGC-1 a and so on, to explore the relevant therapeutic targets of diabetes mellitus or insulin resistance at the level of epigeneties.