中文摘要：

倒塌试验是研究结构抗倒塌性能的重要手段,可通过敏感性构件破断后剩余结构的响应来推断其抗倒塌能力.不同结构的敏感性构件不同,如框架结构的柱、桁架结构的弦杆、张弦结构的索等,选取合适的构件失效装置是倒塌试验成功的关键.对近年来各类构件的失效装置进行汇总分析,从工作原理、适用范围等方面进行讨论,归纳出6种失效装置类型,并阐述了各类装置的优缺点.文末对失效装置的发展前景进行展望,指出了其应具有的基本特征,即瞬时性、可控性及安全性.

英文摘要：

Experiment is a significant means to study progressive collapse behavior of structures.When the sensitive member is removed,anti-collapse ability of structure is learned through analyzing dynamic responses of the residuated structure.Different structures own different sensitive members,such as columns for frame structure,chord members for truss structure,cables for beam-string structure,etc.It is a key point to choose the suitable member failure devices for experiment.This paper provided a review for different types of member failure devices in recent years.Based on the working principle and application scope,six types of failure devices were summarized,whose advantages and disadvantages were also discussed.Finally,development prospects of member failure devices were proposed.It is concluded that instantaneity,controllability and security are three basic characteristics for member failure devices in collapse experiment.