中文摘要：

从活性污泥中筛选出一株硫酸盐还原菌，分别用完整稻壳、粒径3-6mm的砾石和直径4mm的海藻酸钠-氯化钙包埋小球制作固定化柱，进行处理含镍废水的对比研究．结果表明，用稻壳作为载体的反应器启动时间短，对废水中的镍离子去除效果好．采用稻壳作为载体的固定化柱在温度31℃及pH7．0、初始镍离子浓度为100mg／L、进液量为5mL／d时，体系启动3d后除镍率稳定在95％以上．后分别在第25和50d改变进液的镍离子浓度为200和300mg／L，其他条件不变，体系的除镍率仍保持在95％以上，直到进液镍离子浓度为400mg／L、进液量为20mL／d时，

英文摘要：

A sulfate reducing bacterium was screened from the activated sludge. Complete rice chaff, gravel with 3-6 mm diameter and alginate-calcium chloride spheres with 4 mm diameter were used to make immobilized carder. Comparative study on treatment of nickel-containing wastewater was carried out using an immobilized column filled with immobilized bacteria. The experimental results show that the immobilized column using rice chaff as carder had a short start-up time and a better effect on removal of nickel ions in the wastewater. The nickel removal rate of immobilized columnn with rice chaff as carrier operated for 3 d could reach 95% and kept stable when the initial concentration of Ni^2＋ was 100 mg/L and the liquid volume 5 mL/d under the conditions of 31 ℃ and pH=7. Then the concentration was changed to 200 and 300 mg/L after 25 and 50 d with other conditions kept invariant, the removal rate remained up to 95%. The immobilized column was penetrated until the concentration and volume of the liquid feed were increased to 400 mg/L and 20 mL/d, and the nickel removal rate was lower than 40%.