中文摘要：

对排水涵洞这类上埋式构筑物的受力特点进行分析,为其垂直土压力与侧向土压力的减荷寻找到EPS板这种新型减荷材料。通过现场公路涵洞试验,研究了有、无减荷措施（涵顶、侧铺设EPS板）,以及有减荷措施但EPS板铺设厚度不同情况下的涵洞顶垂直土压力与涵侧侧向土压力的大小与分布。综合运用有限元方法,数值模拟了测试涵洞的垂直土压力与涵洞填土变形云图。试验与计算结果表明,EPS板能够有效地减小涵洞顶垂直土压力以及涵侧的侧向土压力,并且能够消除涵洞在路堤纵向引起的沉降差,是有效的上埋式涵洞土压力的减荷材料。

英文摘要：

Through the analysis of the force characteristics on drainage culverts under high-stacked soil,EPS blocks were regarded as the new materials for load reduction of their vertical and lateral earth pressures.Based on the field tests on highway culverts,the magnitude and the distribution of the vertical and lateral earth pressures of the culverts are studied with or without load reduction measures（EPS blocks laid on the top and sides of culverts） under different thicknesses of EPS blocks.The vertical earth pressure and the soil deformation of the culverts were simulated and analyzed by using the FEM.The test and calculated results indicate that the EPS blocks can effectively reduce the vertical and lateral earth pressures of culverts and eliminate the longitudinal differential settlement of the embankment induced by culverts,and they are feasible and effective materials for load reduction of earth pressures on culverts.