中文摘要：

为了降低加工作业运行时间的能耗、物耗和排放，以设备运行过程中的能耗为主要碳排放因素，基于碳流率的概念，用改进甘特图表征了工件全加工链的碳排放特性。将作业车间排产划分为设备选择和作业顺序规划两个阶段进行碳排放效率优化调度，建立了一种二阶低碳优化调度模型。该模型通过优化组合设备一工件功率匹配关系，提高设备能效，缩短非加工设备等待空载运行时间，提高车间综合能效。以某机加工作业车间为例，分析并验证了优化模型的可行性。

英文摘要：

To reduce the energy and material consumptions, carbon emissions of job shop by taking energy consump- tion during equipment operation as the main reason of carbon emission, the carbon emission characteristics of work- piece processing chain was described with improved Gantt chart based on concept of carbon flow rate. To optimize the carbon emission efficiency, the job-shop carbon emission was divided into equipment selection and operation se- quence planning two stages, and a two stage low-carbon scheduling model was developed. Based on the developed model, the equipment energy efficiency was improved through optimizing the equipment-workpiece matching rela- tion. Moreover, the comprehensive energy efficiency was enhanced by cutting waiting and idle running time of non- processing equipment. The feasibility of the developed optimized model was analyzed and verified though a certain job-shop manufacturing system.