中文摘要：

认知实验作为研究人类认知世界的科学活动方式之一,地标是辅助人们进行日常寻路与导航的关键要素,从环境中提取合适的地标方法是空间认知研究领域的热点之一。本文从认知实验和面向导航的视角出发,在对国内外大量文献进行分析研究的基础上,系统综述了基于认知实验选取地标的研究进展。首先,介绍了目前主流的各种地图学认知实验方法在地标选取中的应用;其次对眼动实验作为定量探究导航中地标选取行为特点的新方法进行重点分析;最后,总结归纳了各种认知实验在地标选取中的优缺点及存在的问题,对指导今后的地标选取具有一定的借鉴价值打下基础。

英文摘要：

Cognitive experimental methods are the ways to research activities that human takes part in. Landmark is one kind of key elements to assist people way-finding and navigation in our daily life. The way of extracting appropriate landmarks from the environment is a hot topic in the field of spatial cognition research. In this paper, from the perspective of cognitive experiment and navigation, first of all, introduces the application of various cartographic cognition experimental methods which are very popular in the landmark selection. Secondly, the eye movement experiment is used as a new method to quantitatively explore the human behavior of selecting landmarks in navigation. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of various cognitive experiments in landmark selection are summarized and the existing problems are summarized. It can provide a comprehensive approach for applying cognitive experiment to study landmark selection in the future.