中文摘要：

背景空巢老人孤独感及生活质量的归因探索多,心理健康维护与疏导的实践性研究少。目的针对空巢老人孤独感及生活质量的影响因素,探索适合空巢老人心理健康维护的小组心理干预方案。方法采用多阶段抽样的方法,首先采用抽签的方式在内蒙古赤峰市红山区随机抽取2个所辖街道居委会为干预社区,在松山区随机抽取2个所辖街道居委会为对照社区;然后采用方便抽样的方法,在干预社区及对照社区分别选取38例空巢老人纳入干预组及对照组。对照组接受常规社区护理干预项目,干预组在此基础上接受为期3个月的小组心理干预。分别于干预前、后,采用UCLA孤独量表（UCL-LS）、健康调查简表（SF-36）进行问卷调查。干预前共发放问卷76份,回收有效问卷76份,问卷有效回收率为100.0%。干预过程中7例退出,干预后共发放问卷69份,回收有效问卷69份,问卷有效回收率为100.0%。结果对于干预效果进行两因素（分组因素及时间因素）方差分析,分组因素包括两个水平（干预组和对照组）,时间因素包括两个水平（干预前和干预后）。结果显示,分组因素在孤独感及生活质量得分上的主效应显著（P〈0.05）。时间因素在孤独感及生活质量得分上的主效应显著（P〈0.05）。同时,分组与时间因素在孤独感及生活质量得分上的交互作用显著（P〈0.05）。进一步简单效应分析结果显示,干预前两组孤独感及生活质量得分间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;干预后两组孤独感及生活质量得分间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。对照组干预前后孤独感得分间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而生活质量得分间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;干预组干预前后孤独感及生活质量得分间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论针对性的小组心理干预可降低空巢老人的孤独感,有助于其生活质量的提高,

英文摘要：

Background The factors associated with the loneliness and quality of life in urban empty-nesters have been explored many times,but the maintaining and promotion of mental health in them have rarely been studied.Objective To explore the appropriate group psychological intervention for improving the loneliness and quality of life in urban empty-nesters based on the associated factors.Methods Multi-stage sampling was used in this study.By drawing lots,we selected the intervened communities governed by 2 subdistrict offices,and the control communities governed by other 2 subdistrict offices,in Hongshan District,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Then,using convenience sampling,from the intervened communities and the control communities,we respectively selected 38 empty-nesters as the intervention group and control group.Both groups received the conventional community-based nursing intervention,the intervention group additionally received 3-month group psychological intervention.UCLA Loneliness Scale（UCL-LS） and MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36） were used to survey the respondents before and after receiving intervention.Before intervention,all the participants （100.0%） responded to the survey effectively.Due to 7 participants withdrawing from the intervention,the rest of the 69 received the complete intervention and they responded to the survey after intervention effectively with a response rate of 100.0%.Results Two-way ANOVA（grouping and timing） was used to analyze the intervention effect in both groups and between the groups based on comparing the status of loneliness and quality of life before and after intervention.The results of analysis showed that,grouping exerted significant main effect on the scores of loneliness and quality of life （P〈0.05）;timing had obvious main effect on the scores of loneliness and quality of life （P〈0.05）;grouping and timing had notable interaction effect on the scores of loneliness and quality of life （P〈0.05）.By using simple effect an