中文摘要：

背景：很多研究都揭示神经干细胞移植是治疗缺血缺氧性脑病的新方法。 目的：就神经干细胞移植治疗缺血缺氧性脑病的现状、移植策略以及发挥作用的可能机制等方面做一系统的归纳分析。 方法：检索2000年8月至2013年8月PubMed 数据库及中国知网数据库有关神经干细胞移植及缺血缺氧性脑病等方面的文献，英文检索词为“Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，neural stem cel s”，中文检索词为“缺血缺氧性脑病，神经干细胞”。排除与研究目的无关和内容重复者，保留39篇文献做进一步分析。 结果与结论：神经干细胞移植能在一定程度上缓解缺血缺氧导致的神经功能的障碍，起到一定的治疗作用，给缺血缺氧性脑病患者带来新希望。但是该研究还处于实验室研究阶段，影响移植的一些关键因素，如：移植途径、时间、单纯或联合移植以及移植的细胞发挥作用的机制等还不明确，还有待科学实验来予以验证。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND：Many studies have showed that neural stem cells therapy is a new strategy for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. OBJECTIVE：To review and analyze the status of research, transplantation strategies and mechanism of neural stem cells therapy for treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. METHODS：A computer-based retrieval was performed in PubMed and CNKI database to search papers published from August 2000 to August 2013 using the key words of“hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neural stem cells”in English and Chinese. The papers with objective-independent and repetitive contents were excluded, and final y 39＆amp;nbsp;papers were included for final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Neural stem celltransplantation can promote recovery of neurological function, which brings new hope to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy patients. But the study is at a primary stage and limited in laboratory. There are many critical factors that hinder the clinical transplantation, such as delivery path, transplantation time, single or combined transplantation, mechanisms of action. Application of neural stem cells requires further investigation.