中文摘要：

合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）遥感与成像具有全天时、全天候、能穿透风云雨雪和植被等独特优势,是近20年空间遥感与对地观测技术最重要的进展.进入21世纪,一系列高分辨率星载SAR的成功运行,标志着雷达遥感与对地观测进入了一个新时代.总结高分辨率SAR数据的优越性以及中低分辨率SAR数据分辨率不高造成的应用瓶颈问题.概述目前在轨的高分辨率SAR卫星———意大利的COSMO-Sky Med卫星、加拿大的Radarsat-2卫星和德国的Terra SAR-X卫星传感器特征,通过调研目前国内外高分辨率SAR后向散射信息和相位信息在变形类地质灾害监测特别是矿区地质灾害监测领域的应用,展望了高分辨率SAR在矿区开采沉陷与地质灾害监测的应用前景.

英文摘要：

SAR（synthetic aperture radar） has more advantages of day/night capabilities,all weather capabilities,and wind/clouds/rain/snow/vegetation penetration capabilities and so on.It is the most important advance of space remote sensing and earth observation technology in recent 20 years.In the 21st century,a series of the high-resolution space-borne SAR successful operation symbolize the radar remote sensing and earth observation going into a new era.In this paper,the superiorities of the high-resolution SAR data and the application bottlenecks of the middle or low-resolution SAR data due to low-resolution are summarized.An overview of the current high-resolution sensors feature of SAR satellites in orbit,for example COSMO-Sky Med satellites of Italian,the Radarsat-2 satellite of Canada and the Terra SAR-X satellite of German,is described.The studies in the fields of geological disasters deformation monitoring by using high-resolution SAR backscatter information and phase information at home and abroad are referred,especially geological disasters monitoring in mining areas.Finally,a prospect of high-resolution SAR technology applications of mining subsidence and geological disasters monitoring is expected.