中文摘要：

以二价锰离子（Mn^2＋）为探针的锰离子增强磁共振成像（MEMRI）是近年来发展迅速的一种脑成像新技术。Mn^2＋作为强顺磁性钙离子竞争剂,可以通过钙离子通道进入神经细胞,并可通过轴突、突触运输,减少含Mn^2＋组织的T1值,从而增强区域T1加权MRI信号。目前,MEMRI主要用于三方面的研究：活动诱导观察脑的功能活动,在体、动态地追踪神经传导通路,并可以精细观察脑部形态学。MEMRI在多领域的研究结果表明它是探测生物体内的分子过程和大脑功能活动的重要工具和手段。本文综述了MEMRI的原理及其在动物中枢神经系统研究中的应用。

英文摘要：

There is rapidly increasing interest in the development of manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging（MEMRI）with divalent manganese ion（Mn^2＋）as contrast agent,as a technique for functional and molecular imaging of specific biological processes.The ability of paramagnetic Mn^2＋ to enter excitable cells via voltage gated calcium channels,in conjunction with the microtubule-based axonal transport features,make Mn^2＋ an attractive candidate as an MRI detectable in vivo tracer.It can increase the signal to noise ratio by decreasing the T1 value where Mn^2＋ was accumulated.MEMRI has been used mainly in three domains：to visualize activity in the brain,to trace neuronal specific connections,and to enhance the brain cytoarchitecture.Based on an ever-growing number of applications,MEMRI proves to be a useful new molecular imaging tool to neural circuits,anatomys,and fucntions of the brain in vivo.This review describes the basics of the MEMRI method and its major applications in imaging the nervous system of animals.