中文摘要：

采用柱浸工艺对风化壳淋积型稀土矿浸取稀土的动力学进行了研究。通过对淋洗剂的配比的优化，证明采用氯化铵和硫酸铵比例为7：3的混合铵盐作为淋洗剂浸取稀土的效果最佳。考察了淋洗剂质量分数、淋洗液圊比、淋洗速度及矿石粒度对浸取率的影响，并进行了浸取动力学分析。结果表明，其浸取过程可定性地用Fick定律描述，且较好地符合收缩来反应芯模型；当淋洗剂质量分数低于2．5％时，动力学控制步骤为混合控制；当淋洗刺质量分数达到2．5％后，其浸取动力学属内扩散控制，动力学方程为1—2η-（1-η）2/3=e^6．105R^0.21189t。

英文摘要：

The kinetics of leaching rare earth from a weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore using laboratory-scale column was investigated. The leaching reagent was optimized as mixed ammonium salt （NH4Cl：（NH4）2SO4= 3：7） firstly. And then the effects of concentration of the leaching reagent, liquid-solid ratio, leaching flow rate, and particle size on the rare earth recovery were determined. The results show that the leaching proeess can be described qualitatively by the Fiek law and fit to the shrinking core model. The leaching rate is controlled by mixed diffusion as the coneentration of leaehing reagent is below 2. 5% and by diffusion through porous ore matrix as the concentration of leaching reagent reaches 2.5 %. An kinetic equation is determined to be 1-2η-（1-η）2/3=e^6.105R^0.21189t