中文摘要：

针对1950--2009年的东部型（EP）和中部型（cP）ENSO事件，比较了目前国际上常用的ENSO监测指数对它们的监测能力。结果表明：单一的指数无法同时区分EP和CP型ENSO事件，其中Nifio3指数只能有效识别EP型ENSO事件，而Nifio4指数则对CP型事件具有较强的监测能力。据此提出同时以Nifio3和Nifio4指数构建指数组的形式来监测不同类型的ENSO事件，结果表明，该指标组能够较全面监测历史上发生的不同分布类型ENSO事件，且能准确判定事件的峰值强度、起止时间和成熟期等其他特征。

英文摘要：

Some recent studies presented two existing types of ENSO events： the Eastern-Pacific （EP） and Central-Pacific （CP）. This study examined the monitoring ability of several current operational ENSO indices The results indicated that a single index could not distinguish the EP and CP in the historical ENSO events during 1950--2009. The Nifio 3 index may only be suitable for monitoring the EP ENSO, while the Nifio 4 index works only for the CP type. In order to capture the occurrence of ENSO event and distinguish its type, we considered a new monitoring index group using Nifio 3 and Nifio 4 indices. Further analysis confirmed that this index group could monitor different types of historical ENSO events with different spatial distribution of sea surface temperature. It had a good performance in determining the characteristics of the ENSO events, including peak intensity, onset, decay, mature phase, and so on.