中文摘要：

背景呼吸悲痛的严厉与新生的预后被联系。这研究试图近来探索临床的特征，治疗学的干预和短期的结果要求了的 preterm 或术语婴儿呼吸支持，并且比较不同的病严厉评价 tools.Methods 的用法第三级的医院里的七个新生的特别护理单位被招募。从 2008 年 11 月到 2009 年 10 月，在 34 星期的 gestational 出生的出生不满一月的婴儿变老，在 72 小时年龄承认了，为呼吸支持要求连续积极航线压力(CPAP ) 或机械通风被注册。包括人口统计的变量，内在的疾病，复杂并发症，治疗学的干预和短期的结果的临床的数据是镇定的。所有婴儿被在风险新生儿(橡树子) 的尖锐照顾划分成三个组呼吸分数 5， 5-8，和 8 .Results 在学习时期， 503 新生的迟了的 preterm 或学期婴儿期间要求了呼吸支持。吝啬的 gestational 年龄是(36.8 ? 湥牧獯敳 ? 湩 ? 眠吗？

英文摘要：

Background The severity of respiratory distress was associated with neonatal prognosis. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic interventions and short-term outcomes of late preterm or term infants who required respiratory support, and compare the usage of different illness severity assessment tools.Methods Seven neonatal intensive care units in tertiary hospitals were recruited. From November 2008 to October 2009, neonates born at ≥34 weeks＇ gestational age, admitted at 〈72 hours of age, requiring continuous positive airway pressure （CPAP） or mechanical ventilation for respiratory support were enrolled. Clinical data including demographic variables, underlying disease, complications, therapeutic interventions and short-term outcomes were collected. All infants were divided into three groups by Acute care of at-risk newborns （ACoRN） Respiratory Score 〈5, 5-8, and 〉8.Results During the study period, 503 newborn late preterm or term infants required respiratory support. The mean gestational age was （36.8±2.2） weeks, mean birth weight was （2734.5±603.5） g. The majority of the neonates were male （69.4%）, late preterm （63.3%）, delivered by cesarean section （74.8%）, admitted in the first day of life （89.3%） and outborn （born at other hospitals, 76.9%）. Of the cesarean section, 51.1% were performed electively. Infants in the severe group were more mature, had the highest rate of elective cesarean section, Apgar score 〈7 at 5 minutes and resuscitated with intubation, the in-hospital mortality increased significantly. In total, 58.1% of the patients were supported with mechanical ventilation and 17.3% received high frequency oscillation. Adjunctive therapies were commonly needed.Higher rate of infants in severe group needed mechanical ventilation or high frequency oscillation, volume expansion,bicarbonate infusion or vasopressors therapy （P 〈0.05）. The incidence of complications was also increased significantly in severe group （P 〈0.