中文摘要：

本研究旨在探讨槲皮素（quercetin,QC）对化学性肝细胞损伤的保护作用.1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼基自由基（1,6-Bis（diphenylphosphino）hexane,DPPH）在本实验中用来测定槲皮素的自由基清除能力.8 mmol/L四氯化碳（CCl4）用作体外诱导剂,构建建鲤（Cyprinus carpio）肝细胞损伤模型.原代培养的肝细胞分别用不同浓度的槲皮素（0.05、0.1和0.2 mg/mL）进行前处理,后处理及前后处理,检测培养上清指标酶（（谷草转氨酶（aspartate transaminase,GOT）、谷丙转氨酶（alanine transaminase,GPT）、乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenas,LDH））及超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD））的酶活性及丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）的释放量,实时荧光定量PCR（Real-time quantitative PCR,qRT-PCR）法测定细胞中细胞色素P450 1A（CYP1A）、3A（CYP3A）及白细胞介素-1β（IL-1、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）mRNA表达量,Westem blot测定核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）成员c-Rel和p65的蛋白表达量.结果显示,低浓度的QC即可高效地清除DPPH,表明QC具有较强的自由基清除能力.QC可以显著提高细胞活力及SOD活性,且有效地降低了GOT、GPT、LDH和MDA的含量;同时,QC也显著地抑制了CYP1A和CYP3A的表达,对c-Rel和p65及其下游细胞因子的转录也起到了显著的抑制作用.数据统计分析显示,前处理组效果最佳,前后处理组效果次之,后处理组稍差,各组中0.1和0.2 mg/mL槲皮素的抑制效果最明显.综合以上结果,QC对建鲤化学性肝损伤有一定的保护作用.实际生产中,可将槲皮素开发成一种饲料添加剂,以增加水产动物的抗病能力.

英文摘要：

Liver is one of the most important organ for aquatic animals, which plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes, such as metabolism, conversion, detoxification, secretion and storage. The diversity of function makes the liver more vulnerable to the destruction of the exogenous substances. Quercetin （QC）, a kind of flavonoids, derived from many plants, has diverse pharmacological effects including immune regulation, antioxidant, antitumor, hypoglycemic effects, reduction of blood fat, andso on. Although numerous studies about the healthy aspects of QC on humans and mammals have been reported, there is a lack report about its healthy effects on aquatic animals. This study was to explore the protective effect of quercetin on CCh-induced liver injury in common carp （Cyprinus carpio）. In this study, 1,1- dipheny 1-2-picrylhydrazyl radical （DPPH） was applied to evaluate the radical scavenging capacity of QC. The hepatocytes were treated with different concentrations of QC before （pre-treatment）, after （post-treatment） and both before and after （pre- and post-treatment） incubation with 8 mmol/L CC14. Then the activities of glutamatepyruvate transaminase （GPT）, aspartate transaminase （GOT）, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, and superoxide dismutase （SOD）, as well as the release amount of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the supematant were measured and the hepatocytes viability were assayed by MTT. The mRNA expression levels of cytochrome enzymes P450 1A （CYP1A）, 3A （CYP3A）, inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）, interleukin-113 （IL-I~） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR （qRT-PCR）. Also, the relative content of nuclear transcription factors-v,_B （NF-~d3 c-Rel and p65） were detected by Western blot. The results showed that QC can scavenge the radicals effectively even at low concentration. QC markedly inhibited the level of GOT, GPT and LDH, indicating that QC had a positive effect on the protection of cyto