中文摘要：

黑色岩系型矿床是矿床学研究的一个重要对象,其成因由于成矿作用复杂而存在争议。为深入理解这种复杂性并为解决争议提供参考信息,通过深入剖析国内外这类矿床的典型实例,述评了矿床成因研究的现状与进展,并进一步提出了值得加强研究的方向。全球黑色岩系矿床分布广泛,矿床形成过程中受多种地质作用影响,并可主要归纳为3种：海水、热水与生物有机成矿作用。其中,海水和热水为成矿提供元素及有利的成矿条件（如还原的沉积环境）。相比而言,生物有机质的成矿作用则主要体现在对海水和/或热水提供的元素进行富集,并在合适条件下成矿。可见,这3种成矿作用的多元复合作用使得成矿过程极其复杂,这是导致很多矿床成因至今未完全确定的一个重要原因。今后可从两方面开展深化研究：一是揭示多期复杂成矿演化过程;二是剖析生物有机成矿作用。这些认识对沉积岩型矿床的研究同样具有普遍参考意义。

英文摘要：

The mineral deposits hosted in black rock series are important objects in the study of economic geolo gy. Their origin is debatable because the mineralization is complex. In order to provide new reference informa- tion for understanding the complexity and shedding some light on the controversy, the origins of the mineral deposits were reviewed by analyzing worldwide representative examples thoroughly, and the future research di rections are further suggested based on these results. It is showed that the mineral deposits have a wide occur fence. The formation of the deposits was influenced by multiple factors, which can be summarized into three main types, i. e. , sea water, hydrothermal and bio-organic mineralizations. The sea and hydrothermal waters provide elements for the mineralization and favorable mineralizing conditions such as a reducing depositional en- vironment. By contrast, the bio-organic mineralization is mainly the enriching of elements provided by sea and/ or hydrothermal waters. The deposits were formed under favorable conditions. These three types of minerali zations resulted in the complexity of ore genesis. This is one of the important reasons that lead to the uncer- tainty of the origin of many deposits. Two future research directions are suggested. One is to reveal the multiple mineralization stages and complex process. The other is to study the bio-organic mineralization.