中文摘要：

目的：对基于听力相关疾病就诊患者的听力曲线类型进行分析,掌握听力曲线类型分布特征,为听力损失预防以及干预策略的制定提供依据。方法：对3650例听力相关疾病就诊患者的听力曲线类型分布进行分析,掌握听力损失类型、程度、年龄因素及对称性的听力曲线分布特征。结果：①听力曲线分布总体特征：陡降型、上升型、平坦型、U型和其他类型听力曲线分布比例分别为52.8%、7.6%、15.4%、13.2%和11.0%,不同性别间听力曲线分布未见统计学差异;②不同听力损失类型的听力曲线分布特征：感音神经性及混合性听力损失中,陡降型听力曲线均占据最高分布比例,传导性听力损失的听力曲线分布较为分散;③不同程度听力损失的听力曲线分布特征：轻度、中度和重度听力损失中,陡降型听力曲线占据最高分布比例,极重度听力损失中U型听力曲线占据最高分布比例;④不同年龄组的听力曲线分布特征：年龄组⑤～⑦（即年龄范围41～70岁）听力曲线分布呈现出一致性的规律,从高到低的分布顺序均为陡降型、平坦型、U型、其他类型和上升型;随着年龄增高,陡降型听力曲线分布比例明显提高。结论：听力损失在类型、程度及年龄方面均呈现出明显的听力曲线类型分布特征,陡降型听力曲线为最常见的听力曲线类型,可避免的听力损失预防值得关注。

英文摘要：

Objective：Audiometric configuration distribution of hearing loss was analyzed for public policy efforts of hearing loss prevention and rehabilitation.Method：According to the archived records of the Clinical Audiology Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,audiometric configuration distribution was analyzed by different type,degree of hearing loss and age factor.Result：①Overall audiometric configuration distribution： the percentages of ＂sloping＂,＂rising＂,＂flat＂,＂U-shaped＂,and other type of audiometric configuration distributions are 52.8%,7.6%,15.4%,13.2% and 11.0%,respectively.No difference was found between male and female in the audiometric configuration distribution;②Aduiometric configuration distribution by type of hearing loss： sloping hearing loss dominants sensorineural and mixed hearing loss;③Audiometric configuration distribution by degree of hearing loss： sloping hearing loss dominants mild,moderate and severe hearing loss,U-shaped hearing loss dominants profound hearing loss;④Audiometric configuration distribution by age： for age group 5 to 7,the highest prevalence of audiometric configuration is ＂sloping＂,followed by ＂flat＂,＂U-shaped＂,other type and ＂rising＂;with the age increasing,the percentage of sloping hearing loss increased dramatically.Conclusion：Audiometric configuration distribution shows obvious characteristic of on the type,degree of hearing loss and age factor.＂sloping＂ hearing loss dominates the audiometric configuration.