中文摘要：

本文运用实证调查、对比分析方法，揭示了西北铁路建设运营成本的区域性差异。研究认为西北铁路是我国铁路网中公益性最强的板块，是政府发挥作用弥补市场失灵的领域。本文对青藏铁路公司、乌鲁木齐铁路局、兰州铁路局（以下简称“西三局”）的现场调研数据加以整理分析，在阐述政府与市场关系基础上，提出了建立西北铁路建设经营补贴机制的相关建议。

英文摘要：

By comparing the data, we figure out that there are some regional atlierence~ tul t.c w,,.~L and operation of northwest railway lines,and we believe that northwest railway, characterized as the grea- test public-benefited part in the national railway network, is the right area that governments should take re- sponsibilities for the market-failure problem. This paper analyzes the primary data collected in the Qing-Ti- bet Railway Company,Urumqi Railway Bureau as well as l.anzhou Railway Bureau,and then based on the economic theory of governments and markets, puts forward some measures to subsidize the construction and operation of northwest railway.