中文摘要：

超声马达摩擦材料应同时具有良好的摩擦学特性和一定的接触变形要求，目前所用单一均质结构摩擦材料较难满足这一要求，需要研制新型摩擦材料．本文从摩擦学的减摩结构模型反推出一种增摩结构模型，针对超声马达对摩擦材料的要求，提出梯度涂层摩擦材料的设计思想，采用表面黏涂法研制了一种具有梯度结构的涂层摩擦材料．利用超声马达模拟试验装置考察了涂层厚度对超声马达性能的影响，初步验证了模型的正确性．在本文的试验条件下，当涂层材料表层厚度为1mm，底层厚度为0．7mm左右时，超声马达具有较好的性能．与其它种类的摩擦材料相比较，梯度涂层摩擦材料可以满足超声马达的使用要求，可望提升超声马达的性能，具有良好的发展前景．

英文摘要：

Ultrasonic motor friction material should have good tribological properties and withstand contact deformation. A new type friction material was developed by increase friction. Design principle of gradient coating friction material was proposed in view of requirement for ultrasonic motor. A gradient structure friction coating material was made by technology of surface cohering. Effects of coating thickness of coating friction material on drive properties of ultrasonic motor were analyzed by simulated tester, the correctness of the model was proved preliminary. The ultrasonic motor showed good performance at surface thickness of 1 mm and bottom thickness of 0. 7mm. Compared with other types of friction material, the gradient coating friction material basically met requirement for ultrasonic motor. Gradient coating friction material is expected to enhance the properties of ultrasonic motor and has good prospect for application in engineering.