中文摘要：

微RNA（miRNA）是存在于真核生物细胞中的一类内源性的、非编码的、长度约为22个核苷酸的小分子RNA.生物体中,miRNA能够在转录后水平调控基因的表达,广泛参与生物发育、细胞分化、细胞凋亡等多种生命进程和心肌肥厚、心室重构、心力衰竭、心律失常等多种病理生理过程.miRNA在心血管方面的生理和病理意义越来越被关注,很有希望为心血管疾病的治疗提供新的手段.

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs（MiRNAs） are endogenously encoded small non-coding RNAs,about 22 nucleotides in length in eukaryotic cell.In many organisms,miRNAs can regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level,and extensively participate in biological development,cell differentiation,apoptosis,other cellular processes and cardiac hypertrophy,ventricular remodeling heart failure,arrhythmia,and other many physiological and pathological processes.Pathophysiological implications of miRNA in the cardiovascular system have been increasingly concerned,which may provide new means for cardiovascular diseases treatment in the future.