中文摘要：

为了解湿地鸟类各生态类群与栖息水位之间的关系,通过样线法、样方法、样点法,基于涉禽跗蹠长度,对扎龙保护区湿地繁殖期鸟类栖息水位的利用偏好进行了分析.结果表明：扎龙保护区鸟类繁殖期共发现记录鸟类62种,隶属13目31科,包括6个生态类群,其中涉禽、鸣禽和游禽具有种类（82.26%）和数量（97.79%）上的绝对优势.涉禽、鸣禽、游禽不回避任何水位生境（游禽除外,回避疏林和草甸草原）,但利用偏好存在差异;其中,涉禽对水位的利用率与水深成正比,对各种水位的芦苇沼泽和湖泡具有绝对的利用偏好（95.64%）,更倾向于芦苇沼泽（超过70.00%）;游禽对深水位的湖泡和各种水位的芦苇沼泽具有绝对的利用偏好性（95.67%）,更倾向于湖泡（近75.00%）;鸣禽对不同水位的芦苇沼泽和湖泡的利用率超过60.00%.繁殖期涉禽、游禽、鸣禽的偏好利用水位生境类型的利用宽度存在差异,游禽〈涉禽〈鸣禽;三者存在一定程度的水位生境利用重叠,深水位的湖泡和不同水位的芦苇沼泽是三者重叠的偏好利用区.基于此,建议保护区将芦苇沼泽与湖泡、涉禽和游禽及鸣禽作为繁殖期的重点监测区域和监测对象.

英文摘要：

For understanding the relation of different avian ecological group and different water level habitat,utilization preference to different water level habitat by birds during the breeding period in Zhalong nature reserve was analyzed by line transects,sample plot,point counts from 2005 to 2009.The results showed：（1）62species birds was recorded,and belong to 31 families of 13orders;of them,Grallatores,Passeres and Natatores had the absolute advantage of species number and population.（2）During this period,Grallatores,Passeres and Natatores did not shy sway any water habitat（except Natatores,it avoid small area of forest and meadow steppe）,but it existed differences in utilization preference;among,Grallatores had the absolute utilization preference to lake（95.64%）,and tend to reed marsh（70.00%）;Natatores had also the absolute utilization preference to lake with depth water level and reed marsh with different water level（95.67%）,and tended to lake（75.00%）;Passeres had the major utilization preference to reed marsh with different water level and lake with depth water level（60.00%）.The comprehensive analysis showed：during the breeding period,niche width of utilization preference to different water level habitat by Grallatores,Passeres and Natatores existed differences,NatatoresGrallatoresPasseres;and there existed the overlap habitat on water level utilization,and lake with depth water level and reed mars with different water level were their overlap utilization area.Based on the above analysis,suggested that Zhalong nature reserve should take reed marsh and lake as the key monitoring area,and Grallatores,Natatores and Passeres as the key monitoring objects.