中文摘要：

目的探讨低水平铅暴露对新生儿生长发育的影响。方法在上海和大连市各整群抽取1家医院172,113对健康产妇与新生儿,采集健康产妇周围血及新生儿脐带血检测铅与锌的水平,并进行新生儿生长发育测量和母亲问卷调查。结果上海市和大连市新生儿的平均血铅水平（几何均数）分别为47.66和31.08μg/L; 高铅血症（〉100μg/L）比例分别为5.23%和3.54%。当以国际高铅血症诊断标准100μg/L,以及75μg/L划分低血铅组与高血铅组时,2组新生儿生长发育指标差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）; 当界值降至50μgl/L时,上海市新生儿高血铅组的身高与体重均低于低铅组（P〈0.05）。结论低铅暴露（〈100μg/L）对新生儿生长发育有不良影响。

英文摘要：

Objective To assess the impact of low level lead exposure on physical development of newborns. Methods The consent informed mothers and their newborns from two hospitals in Shanghai and Dalian were selected with cluster sampling. Questionnaire survey and physical examination were carried out in the mothers and their newborns. Trace elements including Pb and Zn of both maternal and neonatal blood were assessed by biological detection. Results Geometric mean of cord blood lead（CBPb） among the neonatals of Shanhai and Dalian was 47.66μg/L and 31.08 μg/L and the incidence of high blood lead （ 〉 100 μg/L） was 5.23% and 3.54% in Shanghai and Dalian,respectively. No significant difference was found in physical development between the group with CBPb higher than 100μg/L and the normal group （P 〉0. 05） ,and the same as for threshold of 750 μg/L. While significant differences were found in birth length and weight between the group with CBPb higher than 50 μgl/L and the normal in Shanghai （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion There is a harmful effect of low level lead exposure（ 〈 100 μg/L） on physical development of newborns.