中文摘要：

目的：分析过量摄入氟化物对多器官的功能和组织学损伤以及研究进展。方法：通过兔过量摄入氟化物实验（3个月）的初步结果并结合文献复习综合分析氟化物对肾脏和肝脏功能损伤和病理学改变以及脊柱MR成像的病理学基础。结果：实验兔25只染氟后肌酐清除率低于或尿素氮高于染氟前6只（P〉0.05）,谷丙转氨酶或谷氨酰转酞酶或胆汁酸高于染氟前8只（P〉0.05）,脊柱平均骨密度高于染氟前和对照组（P〈0.05）。腰椎MR成像与染氟前和对照组比较,椎骨骨髓内脂肪分布不均和含量减少,T1和T2加权像平均对比信噪比低于染氟前和对照组（P〈0.01）。染氟后肾脏和肝脏光学显微镜下未发现异常细胞或细胞水肿。腰椎椎体大体病理皮质骨表面未见新生骨形成,但光学显微镜下松质骨内新骨形成明显、骨小梁增大、Haversian管内面不规则,骨髓内脂肪分布不均和含量减少。脊髓胶质细胞及前角细胞无异常形态学改变或细胞水肿或中毒改变。结论：过量摄入氟化物引起肝脏和肾脏功能以及病理学损害需进一步观察。椎骨T1和T2加权像对比信噪比减低与骨髓内脂肪含量减少及新骨形成有关,与骨组织氟含量相关性需做进一步分析。

英文摘要：

Objective： To analyze excessive fluoride harms in function and histology of multiple organs. Methods：Functional and histological harms in liver and kidney and pathological basis of spine MR imaging were analyzed on the initial results of 25 rabbits by intaking fluorinated water 3 month and review of literatures. Results： Compared with before fluorination, creatinine clearance rate declined and serum urea nitrogen increased in 6 rabbits （P 〉 0.05） and glutamate - pyruvate transaminase or γ - glutamyl transpeptidase or total bile acid increased in 8 rabbits （P 〉0.05）. Spinal bone mineral density was higher than those before fluorination and of control group （P 〈 0.01）. Fat- containing bone marrow within the vertebral body distributed inhomogeneously and decreased on MR imaging of lumbar spine, compared with before fluorination and control group. Contrast signal noise ratios （C/N） of T1 - and T2 - weigthted images of the lumbar spine were lower than those before fluorination and of control group （P 〈 0.01）. Neither abnormal cells nor cellular edema in liver and kidney after fluorination were found under optic microscopy. There was no newly formed bone on cortical bone of the vertebrae. Newly formed bone, enlarged bone trabecula, irregular interior lining of haversian canals and inhomogeneous distribution and decrease of fat- containing bone marrow were found under optic microscopy. There were no cellular morphological abnormality or edema or cytotoxic in gliocyte and anterior horn cell in spinal cord . Conclusion.Harms in function and histology of liver and kidney after fluorination should be observed further. The C/N of T1 - and T2 - weighted of the vertebral body is related to newly formed bone and decrease and inhomogeneous distribution of fat- contained bone marrow. It should be analyzed further the relationship between bone fluoride content and C/N of T1 - and T2 - weighted.