中文摘要：

通过盆栽试验研究了不同水氮互作条件下水稻各项生理指标短期和长期的后效变化。结果表明：适宜的水氮组合复水短期内对生理活性有一定的补偿效应，生育后期表现出延缓衰老的长期后效性；水、氮单因子复水短期内对叶片叶绿素含量、荧光参数、丙二醛含量等生理指标影响显著，水氮协同互作效应在复水15d后达显著水平；不同的水分胁迫后复水，水氮互作效应不同，重旱处理产量随复水后施氮量的增加而增加，但产量较其他处理明显降低。应避免水稻拔节期重旱，土壤含水率不能低于田间持水率的70％；充分灌溉和轻旱处理产量随施氮量的增加有所降低，拔节期高水高肥不一定高产，轻旱后复水结合低氮追肥，节水保产效果最佳。

英文摘要：

In order to reveal the aftereffects of different nitrogen and water regulation levels on rice, pot experiments were carried out to study the aftereffects of short-term and long-term physiological indexes in different water-nitrogen interaction models at jointing stage. The results showed that optimal combination of water and nitrogen had compensation effect on physiological activity in a short-term after rewatering, while long-term aftereffect of delaying senescence was found at late growth stage. The single factor of water and nitrogen had significant influence on chlorophylls, fluorescence parameters, MDA, etc. in the short term after rewatering, and the collaborative interaction of water and nitrogen had reached to significant level in 15 d after rewatering. The interaction effect of water and nitrogen is different for different water stress level. The yields of heavy-drought treatments increased with the improvement of nitrogen supply, but were lower than other treatments. Accordingly, the heavy-drought should be avoided in rice jointing stage, and soil moisture content can＇t hold less than 70% soil water rate. The yields of sufficient irrigation and slight-drought treatments reduced with the increasing of nitrogen supply. Therefore, high level of water and fertilizer at jointing stage did not assure high yield. The treatment of rewatering combined with lower nitrogen supply after slight-drought can obtain the best effect on water saving and yield guarantee.