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粗饲料体外发酵特性及对微生物细胞膜界面物理化学特性的影响
  • ISSN号:1006-267X
  • 期刊名称:动物营养学报
  • 时间:2015.1.16
  • 页码:124-132
  • 分类:S816[农业科学—饲料科学;农业科学—畜牧学;农业科学—畜牧兽医]
  • 作者机构:[1]湖南农业大学理学院,长沙410128, [2]湖南农业大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410128, [3]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,中国科学院农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125
  • 相关基金:国家自然科学基金面上项目(31172234);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(12JJ3025)
  • 相关项目:瘤胃细菌分解纤维过程的界面物理化学机制研究
中文摘要:

本试验旨在研究不同来源粗饲料发酵特性及对微生物细胞膜界面物理化学特性的影响。以小麦秸、玉米秸、水稻秆、苜蓿和桂牧一号为试验材料,采用体外发酵技术,研究不同粗饲料发酵48 h时体外发酵特性及发酵液微生物界面物理化学特性。结果表明:1)5种粗饲料体外发酵产气量及产气动力学参数[最大产气量( Vf)、产气曲线常数( b)、产气分率( k)、达到最大产气量1/2时所用时间(T0.5)、初始发酵产气分率(FRD0)和达到最大产气量1/2时的发酵产气分率(FRDt0.5)]存在差异;Vf以桂牧一号最高,显著高于水稻秆(P〈0.05),极显著高于小麦秸(P〈0.01);b、k及T0.5以小麦秸最高,T0.5按小麦秸〉水稻秆〉玉米秸和桂牧一号〉苜蓿的顺序显著降低(P〈0.05);苜蓿的FRD0和FRDt0.5显著或极显著高于桂牧一号、水稻秆和玉米秸(P〈0.05或P〈0.01)。2)苜蓿干物质消失率显著或极显著高于水稻秆、小麦秸( P〈0.05或P〈0.01),氨态氮含量显著高于桂牧一号、水稻秆(P〈0.05)。不同粗饲料间发酵液微生物细胞膜通透性按玉米秸〉小麦秸〉水稻秆〉桂牧一号和苜蓿的顺序显著降低( P〈0.05)。由此可见,不同品种粗饲料间在发酵特性以及微生物部分界面物理化学特性间存在差异,利用不同粗饲料发酵不同步的特性进行组合,可能有利于提高粗饲料的利用。

英文摘要:

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the species of forages on fermentation characteristics and the physical and chemical characteristics of microbes surface. The forages including wheat straw, corn stover, rice straw, alfalfa and Guimu-1 were selected as the substrate. The characteristics of forage fermentation and the physical and chemical characteristics of rumen microbes surface at 48 h fermentation time were recorded in an in vitro fermentation. The results showed as follows: 1) there was difference in gas production and gas production kinetic parameters [ the maximum gas production ( Vf ) , dimensionless constant (b), the fractional rate of gas production (k), the time as a half of maximum gas production reached (T0.5), the initial fractional rate of degradation (FRD0) and the fractional rate of degradation as a half of maximum gas production reached ( FRDt0.5 ) ] . The Guimu-1 had the highest Vf, which were significantly higher than that of rice straw and wheat straw ( P〈0.05 or P〈0.01) . The parameters of b, k, and T0.5 were the highest in wheat straw, and the value of T0.5 significantly decreased according to the following order:wheat straw 〉rice straw 〉corn stover and Guimu-1 〉 alfalfa ( P〈0.05) . The highest FRD0 and FRDt0.5 value were noted in alfalfa which were significantly higher than those of Guimu-1, rice straw and corn stover ( P〈0.05 or P〈0.01) . 2) The dry matter disappearance of alfalfa was significantly higher than that of rice straw and wheat straw ( P〈0.05 or P〈0.01) , and the ammonia nitrogen content of alfalfa was significantly higher than that of Guimu-1 and rice straw ( P〈0.05) . The microbe membrane permeability of forages decreased according to the following order: corn stover 〉wheat straw 〉rice straw 〉Guimu-1 and alfalfa ( P〈0.05) . It is concluded that there are differences among different forages in the characteristics of fermentation and some interfacial physical-chemica

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期刊信息
  • 《动物营养学报》
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • 主管单位:中国科学技术协会
  • 主办单位:中国畜牧兽医学会
  • 主编:卢德勋
  • 地址:北京海淀区圆明园西路2号中国农业大学动研动医大楼153室
  • 邮编:100193
  • 邮箱:yyxb@cau.edu.cn
  • 电话:010-62817823 62734530
  • 国际标准刊号:ISSN:1006-267X
  • 国内统一刊号:ISSN:11-5461/S
  • 邮发代号:80-591
  • 获奖情况:
  • 国内外数据库收录:
  • 被引量:15154