中文摘要：

对分布在辽宁省的牛膝菊属两种入侵植物牛膝菊（Galinsogaparviflora）和粗毛牛膝菊（Galinsogaquadriradiata）叶片的形态结构进行了比较解剖学的研究,观测指标包括叶片形态特征（叶片的长、宽、周长、面积、长宽比、叶形指数和比叶重）,解剖结构（表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度（P）、海绵组织厚度（S）、P/S比值）及叶片的表皮特征（气孔的面积、密度和气孔指数）.结果表明：牛膝菊和粗毛牛膝菊叶片的长宽比、叶形指数、单叶干重和比叶重差异不显著,而单叶面积为牛膝菊〈粗毛牛膝菊,差异非常显著（P〈0.01）.牛膝菊和粗毛牛膝菊表皮细胞均为不规则形,垂周壁呈波状;上、下表皮均有气孔分布,且下表皮数量多于上表皮的数量,差异非常显著（P〈0.01）.保卫细胞为肾形,气孔器类型为不规则形.牛膝菊和粗毛牛膝菊的上、下表皮细胞均为一层,上表皮细胞厚度〉下表皮细胞厚度,差异显著（P〈0.05）;牛膝菊和粗毛牛膝菊具有明显的栅栏组织和海绵组织分化,为异面叶.牛膝菊和粗毛牛膝菊的中脉仅有1束维管束,外有2层维管束鞘,属于C3植物类型.

英文摘要：

The genus Galinsoga belongs to the tribe Heliantheae of Asteraceae and comprises 2 species of annual herbs distributed in China.Two species of the genus are found in Liaoning were anatomically studied.The indices investigated were leaf length,leaf width,leaf perimeter,leaf area,leaf length/leaf width,leaf index,specific leaf weight,leaf epidermal thickness,leaf palisade parenchyma thickness（P）,leaf spongy parenchyma thickness（S）,P/S,leaf stomatal density,stomatal index and stomatal area.The result shows：G.parviflora and G.quadriradiata showed large differences in the single leaf area,the difference was very significant（P0.01）,however,there were not different in the aspect ratio,leaf index and dry weight of single leaf and specific leaf weight between G.parviflora and G.quadriradiata.The characters of leaf epidermis are fairly similar in the shades of surface cells,the types and position of stomata apparatus between G.parviflora and G.quadriradiata.The leaf epidermal cells are irregular in shape with the undulate anticlinal walls.The stomata of 2 species of Galinsoga,occur on both sides of the leaf but are more numerous on the lower surface,the difference was very significant（P0.01）.The guard cells in the genus Galinsoga are crescent-shaped and the type of stomata apparatus is anomocytic.The upper epidermis and the lower epidermis consist of one layer cell.The thickness of upper epidermis is more than the other side of it,the difference was significant（P0.05）.The mesophyll of these two species were differentiated into spongy parenchyma and palisade parenchyma.There is a vascular bundle in the midrib.G.parviflora and G.quadriradiata belongs to C3 plant.