中文摘要：

基于箱式法构建的箱式气体交换观测系统是植物生态系统碳水循环研究的常用方法,其在土壤和植物组织尺度的气体交换研究中的作用尤为重要.本文根据箱式气体交换观测系统的气路结构,对闭路、半闭路、开路和半开路系统的原理和计算方法进行了详细总结;汇总了目前常用的商业箱式气体交换观测系统,并回顾了自制系统的研制和应用历程;最后简要探讨了箱式气体交换观测系统存在的问题及其改进方式.

英文摘要：

Gas exchange measurement system based on chamber method is commonly used for the researches of carbon and water cycles in plant ecosystems, especially for the researches in soil and plant organizational scales. According to the gas path frames of the measurement system, this paper summarized in detail the principles and computing methods of closed, semi-closed, open, and semi-open path gas exchange measurement chamber systems. The commercial gas exchange measurement chamber systems commonly in use were enumerated, and the development and applications of some handcrafted systems were also reviewed. Finally, some disadvantages of gas exchange measurement chamber systems were indicated, and their improvement measures were suggested.