中文摘要：

有色金属冶金生产及二次资源回收过程会产生大量的锡基合金,需要综合回收利用,真空蒸馏是一种绿色高效的方法,气液相平衡研究对真空蒸馏具有重要作用.首先采用简化的分子相互作用体积模型（MIVM）计算了不同温度范围内Pb-Sn、Pb-Sb、Sn-Sb二元合金及Pb-SnSb三元合金各组元的活度和活度系数.然后以自制的氧化钇稳定氧化锆（8YSZ）作为固体电解质,采用电动势法测定了Sn-Sb二元合金在905～1 073K（间隔25K）温度范围内及Pb-Sn-Sb三元合金在820～1 273K温度范围内的活度.随后,基于简化的MIVM和气液平衡理论建立了合金体系的气液相平衡预测模型,采用该模型计算了Pb-Sn、Pb-Sb、Sn-Sb二元合金及Pb-Sn-Sb三元合金体系的气液相平衡,并绘制了气液平衡相图（T-x（y）相图）.最后开展了Pb-Sb、Sn-Sb二元合金及Pb-Sn-Sb三元合金气液相平衡实验测定研究,并采用气液相平衡实验值对气液相平衡预测模型进行校核、检验.结果表明,气液相平衡的模型计算值与实验测定值吻合,能用于指导真空蒸馏工业实践,为真空蒸馏分离合金提供了理论参考.

英文摘要：

A large number of Sn - based alloys are produced during the process of nonferrous metal production and secondary resources recovery. Vacuum distillation as a green and efficient approach makes it possible for comprehensive ultilization of Sn - based alloys and investigation of vapor - liquid phase equilibria is vital to it. Firstly, the activities and activity coefficients of Pb - Sn, Pb - Sb and Sn - Sb binary alloys and Pb - Sn - Sb ternary alloy are predicted by using the simplified MIVM （molecular interaction volume model） at different scope temperatures. Then the activities of components of Sn- Sb binary alloy are determined by using the EMF（ Electromotive force） method with Yttria（8 mol% ） Stabilized Zirconia（8YSZ） as solid electrolyte in the temperatue range of 905 - 1 073K（25K interval） and the activities of components of Pb - Sn - Sb ternary alloy are measured in the same way in temperatue range of 820 -1 273K. And then a new VLE （vapor- liquid equilibrium） prediction model of Sn - based alloys is built up by using the simplified MIVM based on the VLE theory and the VLE data are calculated by using this new model, and the VLE phase diagrams （ T - x （y） phase diagram） of Pb - Sn, Pb- Sb and Sn- Sb binary alloys and Pb -Sn -Sb ternary alloy are then plotted by using the calculated VLE data. Finally, the VLE is experimentally determined for Pb - Sb, Sn - Sb binary alloys and Pb - Sn - Sb ternary alloy. The comparison between the calculated results and the experimental VLE data shows that the calculated results match with the experimental data, which indicates that the VLE prediction models built up in this paper are reliable and applicable to instructing the industrial practices and to providing theoretical support for the alloy separation by vacuum distillation.