中文摘要：

机械通气在危重病患者的救治过程中起着非常重要的作用,然而使用不当,可以诱发或者加重肺损伤,即呼吸机相关性肺损伤（VILI）.随着对VILI发病机制的不断探索,并采取了一些相应的防治措施,例如保护性通气模式、生物防治等,能在一定程度上减轻V ILI的损伤程度.该文就机械通气肺损伤的发生机制、防治策略等方面的研究新进展予以综述.

英文摘要：

Mechanical ventilations saves lives of many critically ill patients. But inappropriate use of mechanical ventilation will induce or aggravate lung injury （ventilator-induced lung injury, VILI）. Over the years, researchers are exploring the pathogenesis of VILI in different aspects and taking corresponding preven- tion and treatment measures, such as protective ventilation mode, biological control and so on, which are helpful to mitigate the severity of VILI to a certain degree. Here is to make a review of the new progress of the mechanism and prevention and treatment in VILI.