中文摘要：

河床阻力是河流动力学基本问题之一。黄河下游含沙量高,泥沙颗粒较细,河床调整变化快,水沙条件的特殊性和河道形态频繁剧烈的变化给准确计算河床阻力带来很大困难。过去针对黄河下游特性的河床阻力计算已有较多研究成果,但黄河下游水沙及河道特性本身难以把握,床面形态测量难度大,导致目前河床阻力计算研究成果仍较为分散,未能从理论和计算方法上取得较好的共识。本文分析了影响黄河下游河道河床阻力大小的因素,对河床阻力计算研究方法进行总结,并指出进一步研究的方向。

英文摘要：

Determination of riverbed resistance is an essential issue in river dynamics. The lower Yellow River, as a river with the highest sediment concentration in the world, has rapid and frequent changes in its channel carrying fine sediment particles. Due to its specific flow and sediment conditions, it is always very difficult to estimate its riverbed resistance. A large body of its previous studies focused on such calculations but the achievements are still quite embarrassed because of the lack of field survey data about its riverbed resistance and the complexity of its fluvial processes. This paper analyzes the factors of riverbed resistance of the lower Yellow channel and summarizes the previous results of riverbed resistance calculation, and makes suggestions of potential directions in further research.