中文摘要：

针对水库普遍存在的泥沙淤积问题，将我国常用的泥沙防治方法归纳总结为减少入库泥沙、排沙冲沙出库和机械清淤三类。统计各种方法在我国水库中的实际使用情况，通过对比分析表明各方法受到水库水文情势和运行条件的制约，产生的减淤效果不同。分析水库实施淤积防治方法的减淤作用，及其对水环境保护和水资源利用产生的综合影响，在此基础上提出水库淤积防治方法的研究展望，为制定和实施水库安全管理办法提供参考，以最大限度保护水库库容和延长水库寿命，保持对水资源的长期调控及利用能力。

英文摘要：

The control measures of sedimentation are summarized into three kinds, i.e. inflow sediment reduction, sand ejection and flushing, and mechanical dredging, in view of widespread reservoir sedimentation and its control efforts. This paper summarizes practical applications of sediment control measures for reservoir operation in China and shows the different effects on sediment reduction in various hydrological regimes and reservoir operation conditions. For these measures, environment protection and water resources utilization, we analyze their comprehensive influences on water and suggest research prospects useful for planning and implementation of safety management, capacity maintenance and service life extension, and long-term regulation and utilization of water resources.