中文摘要：

采用冷态转炉对转炉熔池局域流动和传质效果进行了研究．选用不同氧枪喷头、枪位和熔池形状进行实验，通过测量熔池各区域的电导率值来研究熔池局域传质和混匀效果．根据实验结果，分析了各因素对熔池传质、死区分布、混匀时间及熔池速度均匀性等的影响．研究结果发现：标准熔池（径深比为3．1）中，熔池死区主要位于熔池底部侧壁和环流中心处；浅型熔池（径深比为5．2）中，熔池死区主要位于熔池侧壁．适当增加氧枪喷孔倾角和熔池径深比，有利于增大熔池环流半径，改善熔池内部流动，减小熔池内部死区．

英文摘要：

Local fluid flow and mass transfer in a converter bath were studied by a cold model. According to the conductivity measured in different regions, the local mass transfer and mixing effect were determined in the bath by using different lance nozzles, lance heights and bath shapes. The effects of the three factors on the mass transfer, dead volume distribution, mixing time and velocity uniformity were analyzed. It is found that the dead volume mainly lies in the bottom near the sidewall and the vortex heart for a standard bath （ diameter-to-depth ratio = 3.1 ） , but does in the sidewall region for a shallow bath （ diameter-to-depth ratio = 5.2）. Increasing the inclination angle of the lance nozzle and the ratio of bath diameter to depth is beneficial to increasing the circulation radius of the bath, improving the bath flow and reducing the dead volume.