中文摘要：

中国正处于经济转型时期,正式制度与非正式制度对中国经济转型和产业升级都有着重要的影响。而现有文献缺乏非正式制度对不同制度依赖性行业异质性影响的研究。文章主要基于中国工业企业数据库的微观数据,利用行业的资产专用性和产品复杂度来衡量制度依赖度,从TFP和出口两方面来衡量比较优势,分析了诚信环境对于产业比较优势的异质性影响。研究发现,诚信环境的改善对于制度依赖性较高行业的比较优势的促进作用更强,并且这一结论具有较强的稳健性,在控制了正式制度的影响后,这一结论仍然成立,即除了正式制度外,诚信环境可以独立地发挥保障交易顺利进行的作用。进一步地,我们分析了诚信环境这一非正式制度与正式制度对产业比较优势影响的关系,结果发现,二者之间呈显著的互补性关系,这表明二者对产业比较优势的影响是相互强化的。因此,随着诚信环境的改善,制度依赖性较高的行业更具比较优势和发展潜力,将可能成为中国经济未来的增长动力之一。

英文摘要：

The formal and informal institutions play a very important role in the China’s economic restructuring and industrial upgrading,especially during this economic transition period.The existing literature lacks the research on the heterogeneity influence of informal institutions on the industries with different institutional dependence.Mainly based on micro data from Chinese industrial enterprises database,this paper uses industry asset specificity and product complexity to measure institutional dependence,calculates comparative advantages from two perspectives of TFP and export,and analyzes the heterogeneous impact of credit environment on industry comparative advantages.It finds that the improvement of credit environment plays a stronger role in promoting comparative advantages of industries with high-level institutional dependence,and it is robust strongly.And after the control of the effect of formal institutions,this conclusions still exist,namely besides formal institutions,credit environment can play an independent role in the guarantee of successful trading.Furthermore,it analyzes the relationship between the effects of credit environment as an informal institution and formal institutions on industry comparative advantages,and shows a significantly complementary relationship between these two,indicating the effects of these two on industry comparative advantages are mutually strengthened.Therefore,with the improvement of credit environment,industries with high-level institutional dependence have more comparative advantages and development potential,and will become the economic growth momentum in future China.