中文摘要：

基于中国健康和营养数据（CHNS），利用混合数据的Tobit模型，探讨中国农村老年人农业劳动时间在地区之间和性别之间的差异。结果表明，老年人的农业劳动时间呈现显著的地区差异和性别差异。从东部到西部，老年人的农业劳动时间逐渐增加，特别是贵州省等西部贫困省份，老年人的农业劳动时间最长。老年人农业劳动时间的性别差异也呈现出地区性的不同，相对而言，中部地区男性老年人农业劳动时间最长，而西部地区，女性老年人农业劳动时间最长。在此基础上，提出了我国新型农村养老保障制度应该按照地区差异、性别差异实行不同标准等政策建议。

英文摘要：

Based on the longitudinal data from Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey of 1997,2000, 2004,2006, this paper discusses the regional and gender differences of the elderly agricultural labor supply. The results show that there are great regional and gender differences between the elderly agricultural working hours. From east to west in China,old males take more, agricultural labor time, especially in the poor western provinces such as Guizhou Province. Gender differences of old persons＇ agricultural la- bor time has been taken on regional differences. In contrast, old males in middle rural regions and old fe- males in western rural regions work for the longest time. This paper finally puts forward some policy suggestions that new rural pension system should be carried out in accordance with the regional and gender differences.