中文摘要：

目前，抗体介导的慢性肾移植排斥反应难以预测，尚无有效的治疗方法。研究表明，通过对内皮细胞相关基因的分析，可以提高抗体介导的慢性肾移植排斥反应术前及术后的诊断特异性。该病的发病机制主要包括四个方面：（1）血小板在内皮细胞附近聚集凝固能力增强；（2）内皮细胞趋化炎性细胞作用增强；（3）干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）杀伤作用增强：（4）内皮修复再生能力降低。基因分析结合抗体分析有助于深化理解抗体介导的肾移植排斥反应的发病机理、提高诊疗效果、为新药开发提供新靶点，使肾移植成功率大幅提高成为可能。该篇综述将就上述内容作一介绍。

英文摘要：

Currently, antibody-mediated rejection of renal aUograft is highly unpredictable and lack of ef- fective treatments. A number of studies show that the preoperative and postoperative diagnosises of renal allograft are improved by the analysis of endothelial cell associated genes. The pathogenesis of this disease mainly includes four aspects： （1） The aggregation and coagulation ability of platelet increases near in endothelial cells; （2） The chemotaxis of inflammatory cells by endothelial cells increases; （3） The effects of IFN-γ increase; （4） The ability of endothelial regeneration decreases. Gene analysis and antibody analysis contribute to deeply understanding of pathogenesis of renal allograft, provide new targets for drug development, and highly increase the successful rate of renal allograft. This paper will give a review about these contents mentioned above.