中文摘要：

从中草药提取物中筛选对引起柑橘采后主要病害的两株真菌---意大利青霉（ Penicillium italicum）和指状青霉（ Penicillium digitatum）有抑菌活性的中草药；采用溶剂萃取和硅胶柱色谱对具有较好抑菌活性的中草药提取物进一步分离纯化，确定其抑菌活性物质。结果表明：桂枝、桂皮、细辛、香薷、牡丹皮和青蒿6种提取物对这两株真菌均有较好的抑菌效果，抑菌圈直径均达20 mm以上。其中桂枝、桂皮和细辛的抗菌活性物质主要存在于乙酸乙酯部位，且桂枝的抑菌活性最强，对意大利青霉和指状青霉的抑菌圈直径分别为34．57 mm和31．56 mm，最低抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitory concentration，MIC）分别为3．125 mg/mL和6．25 mg/mL；最小杀菌浓度（ minimal fungicidal concentration ，MFC）分别为6．25 mg/mL和12．5 mg/mL。桂枝乙酸乙酯萃取物对意大利青霉和指状青霉的抑菌圈直径分别为45．33 mm和40．53 mm；采用硅胶柱色谱对桂枝乙酸乙酯萃取物进行分离，得到4个流分（ Fr．1～Fr．4）。抑菌活性测试表明Fr．1活性最强，通过HPLC对Fr．1的化学成分进行分析，发现其主要抑菌成分为桂皮醛。

英文摘要：

In order to screen Chinese herbal medicine with potential antifungal activity from Chinese herb -al medicine extracts against two key Citrus postharvest pathogens ,namely Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum.Solvent extract and silica gel chromatography were used to determine the antifungal materials from the active herb extracts .The results suggested that Ramulus cinnamomi,Cinnamomum cassia,Asarum sieboldii, Herba Moslae,Cortex Moutan and Artemisia apiacea had powerful inhibitive effects on the two pathogens and the inhibition zones were all over 20 mm.Moreover,the antifungal materials of Ramulus cinnamomi,Cinnamo-mum cassia and Asarum sieboldii all existed in the ethyl acetate fraction .Ramulus cinnamomi showed the best inhibitive effects on the two pathogens ,and the inhibitive zones were 34.57 mm and 31.56 mm,respectively. While the MIC were 3.125 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL,respectively;the MFC were 6.25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL,respectively.The inhibition zones of the ethyl acetate fraction of Ramulus cinnamomi were 45.33 mm and 40.53 mm,respectively.Four subfractions （Fr.1-Fr.4） were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction by the silica gel chromatography .Fr.1 showed the best antifungal activity and cinnamaldehyde was the main antifungal material in Fr.1 detected by HPLC .