中文摘要：

【目的】研究密度对高产玉米（〉15000kg·hm^-2）产量及其构成因子的影响，揭示高产玉米产量形成机制，为玉米持续稳定高产提供依据。【方法】连续两年在新疆和宁夏高产玉米区，以郑单958为试材，以1．5万株／hm^2为。一个密度梯度，设置从1．5万株／hm^2至18万株／hm^不同密度处理，充分满足水肥需求，进行高产栽培实践，在实现高产基础之上分析其产量及产量构成因子特征。【结果】两年多点共68个处理，最低和最高单产分别为7675．5和20503．5kg·hm^-2，其中有47个处理达到15000kg·hm^-2以上的产量；对产量构成特征的分析表明，要达到15000kg·hm^-2以上的高产，最低、最高密度分别为5．25万株／hm^2和16．28万株／hm^2；最低、最高收获穗数分别为6．66万穗／hm^2和13．84万穗／hm^2；最低、最高穗粒数分别为365和657粒；最低、最高千粒重分别为237和404g。【结论】密度与单产呈抛物线关系，以10．5万株／hm^2密度处理单产最高；随着产量的提高，种植密度、单位面积穗数、穗粒数和千粒重表现出最适值范围变窄的趋势。随种植密度增加，单位面积穗数呈增加趋势，穗粒数和千粒重呈下降趋势，而单位面积粒数呈增加并趋于不变趋势。

英文摘要：

[Objective] Field experiments were conducted to study the influence of density on maize yield （〉 15 000 kg·hm^-2） and yield components in order to exploring the formation mechanism of high-yield so as to provide a basis for stable high-yield maize. [Method] The experiments were carried out in high-yield maize areas of Xinjiang and Ningxia regions. Zhengdan 958 （ZD958） was planted at different densities from 15 000 plants/hm^2 to 180 000 plants/hm^2 by making 15 000 plants/hm^2 as a density gradient with fully satisfy fertilizer and water demand. High-yield cultivation was practiced, and then the yield and yield component, characteristics were analyzed based on the high-yield （〉 15 000 kg·hm^-2） . [Result] The 68 different density level plots were all at mutil-sites across two years, the highest and lowest yields were between 7 675.5 kg·hm^-2 and 20 503.5 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Yields of the 47 plots achieved the high yield of above 15 000 kg·hm^-2. Plots with at the highest and lowest densities （52 500 plants/hm^2 and 162 800 plants.hm^2） achieved the high yield of 15 000 plants/hm^2. The highest and lowest number of ears was 66 600 ears/hm^2 and 138 400 ears/hm^2, respectively. The highest and lowest grains per ear were 365 and 657, respectively. The highest and lowest1 000-seed-weight was 273 g and 404 g, respectively. [Conclusion] The parabolic relationship between density and yield was found,and the highest yield appeared at the density of 105 000 plants/hm^2. With the increase of production, the optimal range of planting density, ear number, grains per ear and 1000-seed-weight were narrowed. With the increase of planting density, grains per ear and 1000-seed-weight declined; ears number and grains/hm^2 increased, but grains/hm^2 increased slightly when density reached a certain level.