从欧美发达国家来看,以房养老模式的推广较好,而中国由于养老金账户的空缺使得政府客观上有意愿推广这一计划,但现实中以房养老模式的推广却举步维艰。本文通过建立不完全信息动态博弈模型,分析了老年人“长寿风险”(即剩余寿命的不确定)是造成以房养老模式困境的根本原因。老年人和金融机构在签订协议前由于信息不对称会对自身健康状况进行隐瞒,而签订协议后又存在对房屋进行维护的道德风险,这两个方面的原因使得以房养老中的金融机构处于劣势地位,使得该模式在中国无法进行大面积推广。文章提出对老年人的健康状况进行合理评估、完善整个社会的信用体系以及养老模式的多元化等三个方面的政策建议。
The housing endowment pattern does not work well in China though it works well in Europe and America. Through the incomplete static information game model, this paper analyzed the phenomena and found that "longevity risk" (which represents the uncertainty of remain life ) is the basic factor which contributes to the dilemma . To solve the aging problem in China, this paper put up ideas such as: the old people's health condition should be rationally evaluated, the credit system should be upgraded and the old supporting system should have different aspects.