中文摘要：

【目的】分离筛选能够降解脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）的细菌,以期能在该毒素的生物解毒处理中得到应用。【方法】用高产毒禾谷镰刀菌F-25接种灭菌的小麦籽粒,培养后获得DON毒素;然后以DON毒素为唯一碳源进行DON毒素降解菌的驯化富集培养,得到能够降解DON毒素的混合菌群,逐一对分离到的细菌进行DON毒素降解能力检测,得到能够降解DON毒素的菌株。【结果】筛选得到的菌株DDS-1对液体培养基中的DON毒素的降解能力达95%以上,显著高于其它菌株;从形态、生理生化特性以及16S rDNA序列进行分析,DDS-1菌株初步鉴定为徳沃斯氏菌Devosia sp.;把DDS-1添加到小麦饲料中后,饲料中的DON毒素降解率达到75.47%。【结论】选出的DON高效降解菌株徳沃斯氏菌,不但对液体培养基中的DON毒素具有很好的降解作用,对饲料中DON毒素也有很好的降解效果。这为真菌毒素的生物脱毒处理提供了可行的方法。

英文摘要：

【Objective】 The aim of this study was mainly to find bacteria to degrade deoxynivalenol （DON） and realize the application of biodetoxification of DON.【Method】 Wheat was inoculated with a high-yielding strain F. graminearum F-25 for the production of DON, and using DON as the only carbon source for enrichment and isolation of the mixed culture, then screening for the strains which can degrade DON. 【Result】The strain DDS-1 was screened out from 1 000 strains, the degradation ratio of DON reached more than 95%, which was obviously higher than others.According to its morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene sequence,the strain DDS-1 was finally identified as Devosia sp.. After DDS-1 was added to the feedstuff, the toxin in the feed can be degraded by 75.47%. 【Conclusion】The strain DDS-1 that can degrade DON was identified preliminarily as Devosia sp. DDS-1 can not only degrade DON in liquid medium, but also degrade DON in feedstuff. The strain of Devosia sp. can degrade DON, thus supplying a feasible solution for biodetoxification of DON.