中文摘要：

采用CO1基因特异扩增测序及与GenBank已有序列联配分析的方法，进行了石首鱼科19属30种鱼类75个C01基因片段的序列比较和系统进化研究，结果表明，石首鱼科鱼类该片段的平均GC含量为48．3％，其中第2密码子位点含量最高（5I％-58．4％，平均56．6％），第1密码子变化范围最大f27．6％-54．1％，平均44．9％），第3密码子差别较小（41．6％-43．6％，平均42．7％）。依据Kimura-2-parameter模型，30种石首鱼科鱼类种内遗传距离平均值为0．006，种间为0．210，种间遗传距离是种内的35倍；在分子系统树上，28个种（93．3％）可形成单系，18个属（94．7％）可聚为独立的分支；与形态学分类不同的是，由黑鳃梅童鱼（Collichthys lucidus）与棘头梅童鱼（C．niveatus）的遗传距离（0．004）推断二者遗传变异尚未达到种的分化水平，灰鳍彭纳石首鱼（Pennahia anea）与白姑鱼似（Argyrosomus argentatus）的形态学特征相似性和条形码序列同源性都提示二者可能为同种异名，而红牙[鱼或]（Otolithes ruber）印度洋和南海两个地理群体间的遗传分化已经达到种的水平。本研究证明线粒体CO1基因可作为DNA条形码对石首鱼科鱼类进行有效的物种鉴定，亦可用于探讨石首鱼科的属、种分类单元系统发育问题。

英文摘要：

A total of 75 single individuals of 30 species pertaining to 19 genera of Sciaenidae was barcoded by COl genes, sequenced and compared with that of other Sciaenidae species recorded in GenBank. Our results indicate that the averaged GC content accounting for 48.3%. The GC content of codon position 2 averaged 56.6% （51.0%--58.4%）, that of position 1 for 44.9% （27.6%--54.1%）, and that of position 3 ranged 41.6%--43.6% in average of 42.7%. The average Kimura-2-parameter （K2P） distances within-species and pairwise-species were 0.6% and 21%, respectively. The K2P distance pairwise-species was 35 times as much as that of within-species. According to the maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining trees for all 75 sequences, 28 species （93.3%） were of monophyly and 18 genera （94.7%） were in individual branch. The genetic distance between Collichthys niveatus and C. lucidus inferred that the genetic differentiation has not yet reached the level of species variation, which is different from the morphological conclusion. Both the similarity of morphological characters and the homology of barcoding sequence of Pennahia anea and Argyrosomus argentatus suggest that these two species should be a synonym of the same species. In addition, two geographical groups of Otolithes rubber might be of two different species. Consequently, the CO 1 bareoding is one of the useful tools to both fish species classification and phylogeny of Family Sciaenidae.