中文摘要：

针对城市道路交通信息采集无线传感器网络节点部署优化问题,采用传感器网络连通性和覆盖性作为综合评价函数,以满足网络连通性和覆盖性为约束,建立节点部署的约束优化数学模型,并用罚函数法将其转化为无约束优化模型。采用微粒群算法求解,并用动态改变惯性权重方法作为改进算法解决微粒群算法的早熟收敛。以北京市二环以内的道路为例进行模拟实验,结果表明,微粒群算法及其改进算法使优化布局的评价函数值比初始手动布局提高1.71%和3.18%。微粒群算法及其改进算法能够优化交通信息采集的无线传感器网络节点布局。

英文摘要：

To solve the problem of optimizing node deployment of wireless sensor network for urban traffic information acquisition,a constraint optimization model for wireless sensor network node deployment was proposed.Both the comprehensive evaluation function for connectivity and coverage and the restriction on the practical demands of connectivity and coverage are used.The constraint optimization model is converted to unconstraint one using penalty function.The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem.The dynamically changing weight method is used as an improved algorithm to avert the premature convergence.Sensors inside the Second Ring Road in Beijing are taken as examples in simulation experiments.Experiment results indicate that,compared with initial manual deployment,the evaluation function value has been increased by 1.71% and 3.18%,respectively after using particle swarm optimization and its improved algorithm.The results show that the proposed algorithms have the ability to improve the node deployment of wireless sensor network in urban traffic information acquisition.