中文摘要：

电动汽车是可充放电电池和汽车的综合体,具备电池特性和交通特性。交通特性是电动汽车及其配套设施为满足用户出行需要和交通网络约束而具备的一系列性质的综合描述。电动汽车的首要用途是满足用户的出行需要,忽略交通特性的研究没有实际意义。电动汽车并网研究中,负荷预测、充电设施规划和充电控制策略,都需要考虑电动汽车的交通特性,尤其是电动汽车充电行为特性。此外,负荷预测还需要考虑电动汽车数量变化特性,充电设施规划还要考虑交通网络结构的影响。分析了电动汽车的交通特性,分别介绍了负荷预测、充电设施规划和控制策略研究中对交通特性的考虑方法,并对未来交通特性相关的研究重点进行了预测。

英文摘要：

Electric vehicles are synthesis of rechargeable batteries and vehicles, possessing both battery and traffic characteristics. Traffic characteristics are comprehensive description of characteristics of electric vehicles and facilities to meet user＇s traveling needs and traffic network constraints. Crucial purpose of electric vehicle is to satisfy user＇s traveling needs, and any research neglecting traffic characteristics is not practically meaningful. In researches of grid integration of electric vehicles, load forecasting, charging facility planning and control strategy, all need to properly consider traffic characteristics, especially EV＇s behaviors. Besides, charging number of electric vehicles and effect of traffic network need to be considered in load forecast and facility planning respectively. In this paper, EV＇s traffic characteristics are analyzed and applications of traffic characteristics are presented in studies of load forecasting, facilities planning and control strategies respectively and focus of future researches related to traffic characteristics are predicted.