中文摘要：

为了提高烃油捕收剂在水中的分散性,采用微乳化技术制备柴油微乳捕收剂,并通过超声波强化分散效果,考查了超声频率、超声功率和超声时间等因素对柴油微乳化效果的影响,获得了最佳超声作用参数,并进行了不同捕收剂的煤泥浮选试验。结果表明,超声频率20 k Hz、超声功率400 W、超声作用时间15 min为最佳超声条件,在此条件下制备的超声微乳捕收剂ULY中油滴平均粒径为16.39 nm。煤泥浮选试验表明,柴油、微乳捕收剂LY和ULY在用量900、800和750 g/t条件下可获得的最佳浮选完善指标,分别为58.58%、62.87%和62.25%,说明柴油经微乳化后,可在较低用量条件下获得更好的综合分选效果,且LY和ULY节油率分别达到72.22%和73.96%。在分选指标相近的情况下,ULY用量比LY减少50 g/t,说明超声微乳能形成更加细小的油滴,有利于提高分选效率,降低捕收剂耗量。

英文摘要：

In order to improve the dispersion of hydrocarbon oil in water,a diesel microemulsified collector was prepared through microemulsifying technology.The ultrasound was used to further disperse the collector.The influence of ultrasonic frequency,ultrasonic power and time on the performance of collector was investigated. The results showed that,when the ultrasonic frequency was 20 k Hz,the ultrasonic power was 400 W,the treatment time was 15 min,the dispersion effect was the best. The average particle size of ULY could reach16. 39 nm.The slime flotation test showed that,when the dosage of diesel,LY and ULY were 900,800,750 g / t respectively,the best improved flotation index were 58. 58%,62. 87% and 62. 25%. After microemulsion,less collector could achieve better dispersion effect. The diesel saving ratio of LY and ULY could reached 72. 22% and 73. 96%. In addition,the dosage of ULY consumption decreased by 50 g / t compared with LY while the similar separation index was close.Ultrasonic microemulsion could form more small oil drop,which helped to improve separation efficiency and reduce the collector dosage.