中文摘要：

介绍了荧光原位杂交技术的基本原理和操作步骤。在采用荧光原位杂交技术检测氨氧化茵时必须经过预处理，而超声波对细胞的破碎是预处理中的关键步骤。试验通过比较预处理中超声波的三个强度对荧光原位杂交技术检测SBR反应器中氨氧化菌的效果，筛选出最佳的细胞破碎强度。结果显示，经过强度为150W超声破碎后，在荧光显微镜下观察，无论是丰度还是亮度方面，效果均比经过强度为100W或200W破碎后的好。

英文摘要：

The basic principles and operation steps of the fluorescence in-situ hybridization technology are introduced. Before using the fluorescence in-situ hybridization technology for detecting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, the pretreatement must be carried out, and the uhrasonie cell disruption is a crucial step in the pretreatment. The effect of three ultrasonic intensity levels on detection of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in SBR reactor by fluorescence in-situ hybridization technology was compared to achieve the optimal intensity for cell disruption. The results show that after 150 W ultrasonication, the effect observed under fluorescent microscope, whether abundance or brightness, is better than that after 100 W or 200 W ultrasonication.