中文摘要：

目的 研究中药泽泻活性成分对结石模型大鼠肾结石形成和bikunin表达的影响，以探讨泽泻防治草酸钙尿石症的作用机理。方法 分离提取泽泻的化学活性成分，制作大鼠肾草酸钙结石模型。将Wistar大鼠随机分成对照组、结石模型组、泽泻组，采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测大鼠肾组织bikunin mRNA的表达水平、镜下观察肾组织草酸钙晶体分布，同时检测大鼠血生化、肾钙含量、24h尿钙和尿草酸的分泌量。结果 ①泽泻组大鼠肾组织草酸钙晶体分布、血生化等指标均明显低于结石组。②泽泻组和成石组大鼠肾组织bikunin的相对表达水平分别为（0．528±0．170，0．713±0.250）、肾钙含量分别为[（4.70±0．08）mg／g，（9．49±0．45）mg／g]、24h尿钙分泌量分别为[（37．23±1．84）mol，（61．49±2．06）μmol]，各组间差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论 泽泻活性成分能下调bikunin在结石大鼠肾组织的表达，减少肾组织草酸钙晶体的形成，从而抑制大鼠肾结石形成。

英文摘要：

[Objective] To evaluate the effects of the active constituents of Alisma Orientalis on the expression of bikunin in a rat urolithiasis model, and to explore the mechanism of this traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and the cure of urinary calculi. [Methods] Extracted the active constituents of Alisma Orientalis by isolation techniques then established rat urolithiasis model. 30 adult male Wistar rats were randomLy allocated to 3 groups： control group, stone-forming group, Alisma Orientalis group. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique was used to examine bikunin mRNA expression levels in rat renal tissue. The calcium oxalate deposits in the kidneys were detected by microscopy. The serum creatinnine and blood urea nitrogen levels, renal tissue calcium content, 24 h urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were also detected, [Results] ①In the group administered with the active constituents of Alisma Orientalis, calcium oxalate deposited in the kidney, serum creatinnine and blood urea nitrogen levels, renal tissue calcium content, 24 h urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were all significantly lower than those in the stone-forming group ② Alisma Orientalis group vs stone-forming group [the bikunin mRNA expression levels： （0.53±0.17） vs （0.71±0.25）, P 〈0.05; renal tissue calcium content（4.70±0.08） mg/g vs （9.49±0.45） mg/g, P 〈0.01; 24 h urinary calcium excretion： （37.23±1.84）μmol, vs （61.49±2.06） μmol, P〈0.01]. [Conclusion] The active constituents of Alisma Orientalis can down-regulate the bikunin mRNA expression, decrease the calcium oxalate formation in rat kidneys, and inhibit the renal stone formation in rat urolithiasis model.