中文摘要：

目的研究泽泻总三萜提取物对大鼠尿草酸钙结石形成的影响,从而确认泽泻抗泌尿系结石的活性成分。方法在实验的28d内给予乙二醇及阿法骨化醇诱导雄性SD大鼠泌尿系草酸钙结石形成。造模的同时分别给予不同剂量的泽泻总三萜提取物,分别为205.2、68.4及22.8mg/kg。实验结束时,检测各组大鼠体重,血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）、P、Ca2＋、Mg2＋含量,24h尿量,尿pH值,24h尿Ca2＋、Mg2＋、尿草酸（Ox）的分泌量,右肾系数,肾Ca2＋、Mg2＋含量;显微镜下观察肾组织切片中草酸钙结晶沉积及病理变化,评价泽泻总三萜对泌尿系结石形成的影响。结果乙二醇及阿法骨化醇诱导的泌尿系草酸钙结石大鼠血BUN、Cr、24h尿Ox、尿Ca2＋分泌量、肾Ca2＋含量及右肾系数明显升高,肾Mg2＋含量明显下降。泽泻总三萜提取物能降低泌尿系结石大鼠的血BUN、Cr、24h尿Ca2＋含量、肾Ca2＋含量及右肾系数水平,增加24h尿量及肾组织Mg2＋含量。肾组织病理学检查可知泽泻总三萜能减少大鼠肾组织内草酸钙晶体的沉积,改善肾脏组织的损伤情况。结论泽泻总三萜提取物可以有效抑制乙二醇及阿法骨化醇诱导的大鼠泌尿系草酸钙结石的形成,泽泻总三萜是泽泻抗泌尿系结石的活性成分。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effects of the total triterpenoids extract of Alismatis Rhizoma on calcium oxalate urinary stone formation in rats,thereby confirming the anti-urolithiatic active constituents of Alismatis Rhizoma.Methods Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were given ethylene glycol and alfacalcidol to induce urolithiasis for 28 days.Meanwhile,the rats received the total triterpenoids extract at the doses of 205.2,68.4,22.8 mg/kg body weight,respectively.On the 28th day,body weight,the levels of serum urea,creatinine,P,Ca2＋ and Mg2＋,24 h urine volume,urine pH,Ca2＋,Mg2＋ and oxalate,relative kidney weight and renal Ca2＋,Mg2＋ were evaluated to estimate the anti-urolithiatic effects of the total triterpenoids extract.Kidney sections were examined under a light microscope to study the calcium oxalate crystal deposition and pathological changes.Results The urolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol and alfacalcidol not only caused significant increase in the levels of serum urea and creatinine,urine oxalate and Ca2＋,relative kidney weight and renal Ca2＋,but also the reduction in renal Mg2＋.The administration of the total triterpenoids extract reversed the changes in the levels of serum urea and creatinine,urine Ca2＋,relative kidney weight,renal Ca2＋ and Mg2＋.It also diminished the number and size of calcium oxalate crystal deposits and protected the kidneys from serious damage.Conclusion The total triterpenoids extract of Alismatis Rhizoma has a beneficial effect against calcium oxalate urinary stone formation induced by ethylene glycol and alfacalcidol.The total triterpenoids are the anti-urolithiatic active constituents of Alismatis Rhizoma.