中文摘要：

目的观察脂联素基因敲除小鼠主动脉组织病理学和组织化学的特性。方法SPF级6周龄雄性脂联素基因敲除小鼠纯合子（Adiponectin^-/-）30只随机分为5组，第1、2、3组分别给予普通膳食喂养10、20、30周，第4组每2周经颈静脉注射空白腺病毒载体（即β-半乳糖甘酶腺病毒载体）并予普通膳食喂养30周，第5组每2周经颈静脉注射重组脂联素腺病毒载体并予普通膳食喂养30周；另随机选取SPF级6周龄雄性野生型小鼠（WT）6只为正常对照组，给予普通膳食喂养30周。采用酶法测定血糖浓度，放射免疫法测定血浆胰岛素和脂联素水平。分离小鼠胸主动脉置4％多聚甲醛固定，石蜡包埋，连续切片，行茜素红钙化染色。分离主动脉弓到髂骨分支的动脉，用比色法测定10％甲酸抽提的钙含量。超声破碎胸主动脉，用Bradford法测总蛋白含量，离心后取上清液采用对硝基苯酚法测定ALP活性。结果经普通膳食喂养的各组脂联素基因敲除小鼠与野生型小鼠在体重、血糖、血胰岛素水平方面无明显区别。与野生型小鼠、喂养10及20周的脂联素基因敲除小鼠相比，喂养30周的脂联素基因敲除小鼠出现了轻度的动脉钙化，其动脉的钙含量及ALP活性升高。通过对脂联素基因敲除小鼠进行外源性脂联素的补充，抑制了动脉钙化的出现及ALP活性升高。结论在普通膳食喂养30周后，脂联素基因敲除小鼠出现轻度的动脉钙化，其机制可能与动脉中升高的ALP活性有关；外源性脂联素的补充可抑制脂联素基因敲除小鼠动脉钙化的发生，提示脂联素为动脉钙化的保护因子。

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the histopathologic and histochemical characters in adiponectin knockout （Adipo-/ - ） mice. Methods Thirty mice with 6 week - age were randomly divided into 5 groups （each n = 6）. Adiponectin - / - mice of group 1 were fed chow diet for 10 weeks. Adiponectin - / - mice of group 2 were fed chow diet for 20 weeks. Adiponectin - / - mice of group 3 were fed chow diet for 30 weeks. Adiponectin - / - mice of group 4 were treated with β - galactosidase adenovirus for 30 weeks. Adiponectin-/- mice of group 5 were treated with adiponectin adenovirus for 30 weeks. Six wild- type male mice with 6 - week age of control group were randomly selected and fed with chow diet. The mice were euthanized, blood was collected from retro orbital venous plexus, and plasma concentrations of glucose were determined enzymatically. Insulin and adiponectin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. The thoracic aortas were dissected, and then aortas were fixed in 4 % paraformaldebyde. Alizarin Red S staining was used to detect calcification. Aortic segments from aorta arch to the iliac bifurcation were removed, then calcium was extracted with 10% formic acid and the colorimetric quantification of calcium was achieved. The thoracic aorta was homogenized by ultrasounds, the ALP activity of supernatant was measured by spectrophotometric measurement of P nitrophenol release. Total protein was determined using Bradford protein assay. Results There was no significant difference in body weight, serum fasting glucose and insulin levels between Adiponectin- /- mice and wild type mice. Adiponectin - / - mice developed slight arterial calcification after feeding with normal chow diet for 30 weeks, the aortic calcium contents and ALP activity increased. No visible arterial calcifi- cation was observed in Adiponectin - / - mice with chow diet for 10 or 20 weeks. After adenovirus - mediated supplement of adiponectin for Adiponectin -/ - mice, no arterial calcification was found. The aortic calcium and ALP activity c